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Semi-Deponents.

192.

A few verbs having no perfect stem are regular in the present, but appear in the tenses of completed action as deponents. These are called Semi-deponents. They are: -

audeó, audére, ausus, dare. gaudeó, gaudére, gávísus, rejoice.
fídó, fídere, físus, trust. soleó, solére, solitus, be wont.


a. From audeó there is an old perfect subjunctive ausim. The form sódés (for sí audés), an thou wilt, is frequent in the dramatists and rare elsewhere.

b. The active forms vápuló, vápuláre, be flogged, and véneó, véníre, be sold (contracted from vénum íre, go to sale), have a passive meaning, and are sometimes called neutral passives. To these may be added fierí, to be made (§ 204), and exsuláre, to be banished (live in exile); cf. accédere, to be added.



NOTE: The following verbs are sometimes found as semi-deponents: iúró, iúráre, iúrátus, swear; núbó, núbere, núpta, marry; placeó, placére, placitus, please.